Journal · 2022

Multi-Task Learning for Concurrent Prediction of Thermal Comfort, Sensation and Preference in Winters

Betty Lala , Hamada Rizk , Srikant Manas Kala , Aya Hagishima

Buildings 2022, 12, 750

DOI: 10.3390/buildings12060750

Abstract

Indoor thermal comfort immensely impacts the health and performance of occupants. Therefore, researchers and engineers have proposed numerous computational models to estimate thermal comfort (TC). Given the impetus toward energy efficiency, the current focus is on data-driven TC prediction solutions that leverage state-of-the-art machine learning (ML) algorithms. However, an occupant’s perception of indoor thermal comfort (TC) is subjective and multi-dimensional. Different aspects of TC are represented by various standard metrics/scales viz., thermal sensation (TSV), thermal comfort (TCV), and thermal preference (TPV). The current ML-based TC prediction solutions adopt the Single-task Learning approach, i.e., one prediction model per metric. Consequently, solutions often focus on only one TC metric. Moreover, when several metrics are considered, multiple ML models for a single indoor space lead to conflicting predictions, rendering real-world deployment infeasible. This work addresses these problems by leveraging Multi-task Learning for TC prediction in naturally ventilated buildings. First, a survey-and-measurement study is conducted in the composite climatic region of north India, in 14 naturally ventilated classrooms of 5 schools, involving 512 primary school students. Next, the dataset is analyzed for important environmental, physiological, and psycho-social factors that influence thermal comfort of children. Further, “DeepComfort”, a deep neural network based Multi-task Learning model is proposed. DeepComfort predicts multiple TC output metrics viz., TSV, TPV, and TCV, simultaneously through a single model. It is validated on ASHRAE-II database and the primary student dataset created in this study. It demonstrates high F1-scores, Accuracy (≈90%), and generalization capability, despite the challenges of illogical responses and data imbalance. DeepComfort is also shown to outperform 6 popular metric-specific single-task machine learning algorithms.

Research Note

室内の暑い寒いは在室者の健康や作業能率に効いてくるため、これを計算で推定するモデルは数多く提案されてきましたが、省エネルギーの要請が強まったこともあって、近年は機械学習でデータから直接予測する方向が主流になっています。

ただ、人が感じる温熱快適性というのは主観的で、しかも一つの尺度では表しきれません。実際に標準として使われている尺度も、暑さ寒さの感覚を測る TSV、快適かどうかを測る TCV、どうしてほしいかを測る TPV というように複数あります。従来の機械学習による手法はこれを尺度ごとに別々のモデルで予測していたので、一つの尺度しか扱わないか、複数扱うと同じ部屋に対して矛盾した予測が出てしまい、実際の建物に入れられる状態ではありませんでした。

本研究ではこれをマルチタスク学習で解いています。マルチタスク学習というのは、関連のある複数の予測を一つのモデルで同時に学習させる枠組みで、尺度どうしの相関を内部で共有できるため、個別に学習させるより整合の取れた出力が得られます。

まず北インドの複合気候地域にある5校14教室の自然換気環境で、512人の小学生を対象に調査と実測を行い、子どもの温熱快適性に効く環境要因・生理要因・心理社会的要因を分析しました。そのうえで、深層ニューラルネットワークによるマルチタスク学習モデル DeepComfort を構築し、TSV・TPV・TCV を一つのモデルで同時に予測しています。回答の論理的な矛盾やデータの偏りがあるなかでも、ASHRAE-II データベースと本研究で作成した児童のデータセットの双方で約90%の精度を示し、尺度ごとに用意した6種類の既存手法をいずれも上回りました。

Environment-Aware Distributed Scheduling for Emergency LoRa Networks

Yuto Inaba, Tatsuya Amano, Akihito Hiromori, Hirozumi Yamaguchi

2026 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops and other Affiliated Events (PerCom Workshops), SPT-IoT 2026, pp. 1366–1371

DOI 10.1109/PerComWorkshops68308.2026.11585469

Disaster CommunicationLoRa +4

A Lightweight Vision-Language Model for Disaster Image Summarization

Hibiki Yoshizaki, Akira Uchiyama, Akihito Hiromori, Mineo Takai, Hirozumi Yamaguchi

2026 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops and other Affiliated Events (PerCom Workshops), PerconAI 2026, pp. 1203–1208

DOI 10.1109/PerComWorkshops68308.2026.11585419

Semantic CommunicationDisaster Response +4

Physics-Integrated Deep Learning for Urban Landslide Prediction

Ren Ozeki, Hamada Rizk, Hirozumi Yamaguchi

2026 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops and other Affiliated Events (PerCom Workshops), URBSENSE 2026, pp. 1094–1099

DOI 10.1109/PerComWorkshops68308.2026.11585337

Landslide PredictionPhysics-Integrated Learning +3

A Simulation Framework for Precision Formation Flying of Massive Satellite Swarms

Tatsuya Amano, Akihito Hiromori, Hirozumi Yamaguchi, Sumio Morioka

2026 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops and other Affiliated Events (PerCom Workshops), PerVehicle , pp. 230–235

DOI 10.1109/PerComWorkshops68308.2026.11585321

Satellite Formation FlyingDistributed Simulation +4

Ray-Tracing-Driven Pattern-Based Vehicle Recognition in ISAC Radar

Heetae Jin, Akira Uchiyama

2026 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops and other Affiliated Events (PerCom Workshops), PerRad 2026, pp. 328–333

DOI 10.1109/PerComWorkshops68308.2026.11585327

ISACBeyond 5G +4

A Questionnaire-Only Counterfactual Machine Learning Approach to Assess the Spatial Impact of Green Mobility Vehicles in Urban Parks

Rami Naeem, Srikant Manas, Tatsuya Amano, Hirozumi Yamaguchi

ICDCN 2026 Workshop: IWNDSC2026

DOI 10.1145/3737611.3776620