Journal · 2024

A Precise and Scalable Indoor Positioning System Using Cross-Modal Knowledge Distillation

Hamada Rizk , Ahmed Elmogy , Mohamed Rihan , Hirozumi Yamaguchi

Sensors, Volume 24, Issue 22

DOI: 10.3390/s24227322

Abstract

User location has emerged as a pivotal factor in human-centered environments, driving applications like tracking, navigation, healthcare, and emergency response that align with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, accurate indoor localization remains challenging due to the limitations of GPS in indoor settings, where signal interference and reflections disrupt satellite connections. While Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) methods are commonly employed, they are affected by environmental noise, multipath fading, and signal interference. Round-Trip Time (RTT)-based localization techniques provide a more resilient alternative but are not universally supported across access points due to infrastructure limitations. To address these challenges, we introduce DistilLoc: a cross-knowledge distillation framework that transfers knowledge from an RTT-based teacher model to an RSSI-based student model. By applying a teacher–student architecture, where the RTT model (teacher) trains the RSSI model (student), DistilLoc enhances RSSI-based localization with the accuracy and robustness of RTT without requiring RTT data during deployment. At the core of DistilLoc, the FNet architecture is employed for its computational efficiency and capacity to capture complex relationships among RSSI signals from multiple access points. This enables the student model to learn a robust mapping from RSSI measurements to precise location estimates, reducing computational demands while improving scalability. Evaluation in two cluttered indoor environments of varying sizes using Android devices and Google WiFi access points, DistilLoc achieved sub-meter localization accuracy, with median errors of 0.42 m and 0.32 m, respectively, demonstrating improvements of 267% over conventional RSSI methods and 496% over multilateration-based approaches. These results validate DistilLoc as a scalable, accurate solution for indoor localization, enabling intelligent, resource-efficient urban environments that contribute to SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure) and SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities).

Research Note

屋内では GPS の電波が届かないか反射で乱れるため、位置を知るには別の手段が要ります。広く使われているのは Wi-Fi の受信強度(RSSI)を使う方法ですが、環境ノイズやマルチパスフェージングの影響を受けやすく、精度が出しにくいという弱点があります。一方、電波の往復時間を測る RTT を使う方法はこれらに強いのですが、対応しているアクセスポイントが限られるため、どの建物でも使えるわけではありません。

本研究の DistilLoc は、この二つのいいところを組み合わせるために知識蒸留を使っています。知識蒸留というのは、性能の高いモデル(教師)の出力を手本として、より軽い、あるいは入手しやすい入力を使うモデル(生徒)を訓練する手法です。ここでは RTT を使うモデルを教師、RSSI を使うモデルを生徒として学習させることで、運用時には RTT を必要としないまま、RSSI だけで RTT に近い精度と頑健性を得られるようにしています。

生徒モデルには計算効率の高い FNet を採用しており、複数のアクセスポイントから届く RSSI どうしの複雑な関係を捉えつつ、計算負荷を抑えて広い範囲に展開しやすくしています。

Android 端末と Google Wi-Fi のアクセスポイントを用い、広さの異なる二つの雑然とした屋内環境で評価したところ、測位誤差の中央値はそれぞれ 0.42m と 0.32m というサブメートル精度に達し、従来の RSSI ベースの手法に対して 267%、多点測量ベースの手法に対して 496% の改善を示しました。

Environment-Aware Distributed Scheduling for Emergency LoRa Networks

Yuto Inaba, Tatsuya Amano, Akihito Hiromori, Hirozumi Yamaguchi

2026 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops and other Affiliated Events (PerCom Workshops), SPT-IoT 2026, pp. 1366–1371

DOI 10.1109/PerComWorkshops68308.2026.11585469

Disaster CommunicationLoRa +4

A Lightweight Vision-Language Model for Disaster Image Summarization

Hibiki Yoshizaki, Akira Uchiyama, Akihito Hiromori, Mineo Takai, Hirozumi Yamaguchi

2026 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops and other Affiliated Events (PerCom Workshops), PerconAI 2026, pp. 1203–1208

DOI 10.1109/PerComWorkshops68308.2026.11585419

Semantic CommunicationDisaster Response +4

Physics-Integrated Deep Learning for Urban Landslide Prediction

Ren Ozeki, Hamada Rizk, Hirozumi Yamaguchi

2026 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops and other Affiliated Events (PerCom Workshops), URBSENSE 2026, pp. 1094–1099

DOI 10.1109/PerComWorkshops68308.2026.11585337

Landslide PredictionPhysics-Integrated Learning +3

A Simulation Framework for Precision Formation Flying of Massive Satellite Swarms

Tatsuya Amano, Akihito Hiromori, Hirozumi Yamaguchi, Sumio Morioka

2026 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops and other Affiliated Events (PerCom Workshops), PerVehicle , pp. 230–235

DOI 10.1109/PerComWorkshops68308.2026.11585321

Satellite Formation FlyingDistributed Simulation +4

Ray-Tracing-Driven Pattern-Based Vehicle Recognition in ISAC Radar

Heetae Jin, Akira Uchiyama

2026 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops and other Affiliated Events (PerCom Workshops), PerRad 2026, pp. 328–333

DOI 10.1109/PerComWorkshops68308.2026.11585327

ISACBeyond 5G +4

A Questionnaire-Only Counterfactual Machine Learning Approach to Assess the Spatial Impact of Green Mobility Vehicles in Urban Parks

Rami Naeem, Srikant Manas, Tatsuya Amano, Hirozumi Yamaguchi

ICDCN 2026 Workshop: IWNDSC2026

DOI 10.1145/3737611.3776620